Smell can become less sensitive with age, but a new or substantial change should not automatically be attributed to getting older. Nasal inflammation, medications, smoking, infections, head injury, and neurological conditions can all affect smell. Identifying the pattern helps guide assessment and practical safety measures.
How smell may change
Some people gradually notice that aromas seem weaker or food tastes less distinctive. Because smell contributes strongly to flavour, reduced smell can affect appetite and food enjoyment. A gradual change differs from sudden loss after an infection or injury, which may have a different explanation.
What assessment can involve
A clinician reviews onset, nasal symptoms, medicines, smoking, prior infections, head trauma, and other neurological symptoms. Examination of the nose and formal smell testing may be helpful. Persistent one-sided blockage, bleeding, severe headache, or neurological changes should be reported promptly.
Practical safety measures
Check smoke and gas alarms, label food dates carefully, and do not rely on smell to identify spoiled food or a gas leak. Use written expiry dates and safe food-storage practices. Smell training may be discussed for selected post-infectious cases, but the likely benefit depends on the cause and should not delay evaluation of concerning symptoms.
Frequently asked questions
Is smell loss a normal part of ageing? Sensitivity can decline with age, but a new or major change deserves assessment for treatable causes.
Can medicines affect smell? Yes, some medicines and treatments may contribute; do not stop medication without prescriber advice.
When is it urgent? Sudden smell loss with significant head injury, severe headache, neurological symptoms, or one-sided nasal warning signs needs prompt evaluation.
Explore our nasal endoscopy page for more information about this care option. A clinician can advise based on the individual history and examination findings.
Related reading
- Loss of Smell: Common Causes, Assessment and Safety Tips
- Loss of Smell After a Viral Infection: Recovery and Safety Tips