Allergen immunotherapy aims to change the immune response to a specific trigger over time. It may be considered for selected people whose allergic rhinitis remains troublesome despite appropriate medicines and avoidance measures, or when they prefer a disease-modifying option. It is not suitable for every allergy, and it requires confirmation that the suspected allergen is clinically relevant.
How suitability is decided
The clinician reviews symptoms, exposure patterns, allergy testing, asthma control, current medicines, and other health conditions. A positive allergy test alone does not prove that an allergen causes the symptoms. The treatment plan should target allergens that match the history and are appropriate for an available immunotherapy product.
What treatment involves
Immunotherapy may be delivered as injections or, for selected allergens, under-the-tongue preparations. Schedules differ by product and can involve a build-up phase followed by maintenance over several years. Injections require observation because systemic allergic reactions can occur; patients must follow the clinic’s safety instructions.
Expected benefits and limitations
Some people experience fewer symptoms and may need less routine medication, but benefit is not immediate and a response is not guaranteed. Immunotherapy does not replace emergency treatment for severe allergic reactions. Regular follow-up helps monitor effectiveness, adverse effects, adherence, and changes in asthma or rhinitis control.
Frequently asked questions
Can immunotherapy cure every allergy? No. Benefit depends on the allergen, product, patient selection, and adherence.
Can I start if my asthma is uncontrolled? Uncontrolled asthma can increase treatment risk; the specialist should assess and stabilise relevant conditions first.
Can I stop my usual nasal spray? Do not stop current treatment unless your clinician recommends it; improvement may take time and is individual.
Explore our nasal endoscopy page for more information about this care option. A clinician can advise based on the individual history and examination findings.
Related reading
- Allergic Rhinitis: Treatment Options and How to Use Them Well
- Indoor Allergy Triggers: Practical Ways to Reduce Exposure