Tympanometry is a quick test that measures how the eardrum moves in response to small changes in pressure in the ear canal. It can help assess middle-ear function, including possible fluid or pressure problems. It does not, by itself, provide a complete picture of hearing or establish every cause of symptoms.
What happens during the test?
A small soft probe is placed at the entrance of the ear canal to form a seal. The device changes pressure and plays a tone while measuring the eardrum’s response. The procedure usually takes only a short time and does not require needles. A child may need simple preparation and reassurance to remain still.
What can the results mean?
The tracing may suggest normal middle-ear movement, reduced movement, fluid, negative pressure, or a possible perforation or open ventilation tube, depending on the pattern. Wax, poor probe seal, movement, and other factors can affect the recording. The result must be interpreted with the ear examination and the person’s symptoms.
How is it different from a hearing test?
A pure-tone hearing test measures the quietest sounds a person can detect at different pitches. Tympanometry examines middle-ear mechanics and pressure. The tests answer different questions and are often used together when a person has muffled hearing, recurrent infections, or suspected Eustachian tube dysfunction.
Frequently asked questions
Does tympanometry hurt? It is generally not painful, though the pressure sensation or sound may feel unusual for a moment.
Can it confirm an ear infection? It may show signs consistent with middle-ear fluid, but infection is diagnosed using symptoms and clinical examination as well.
Do I need to prepare? Usually no special preparation is needed. Tell the audiologist about ear pain, recent surgery, or ventilation tubes before testing.
Explore our ENT consultation page for more information about this care option. A clinician can advise based on the individual history and examination findings.
Related reading
- Hearing Tests: What to Expect and What Results Mean
- Ear Infections: Symptoms, Treatment and When to Seek Care